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A price level where buying tends to overcome selling, pausing or reversing declines.

A price level where selling tends to overcome buying, capping advances.

The general direction of price: up (higher highs/lows), down (lower highs/lows), or sideways.

Protecting capital by sizing positions, setting stops, and managing risk-to-reward — the most important skill.

Small body at the top with a long lower wick after a downtrend.

Small body at the bottom with a long upper wick after a downtrend.

Open and close are nearly equal — a tiny or non-existent body.

Open, high and close near the top; long lower wick, no upper wick.

Open, low and close near the bottom; long upper wick, no lower wick.

Small body with upper and lower wicks of similar length.

Full-bodied candle with little or no wicks — one side dominated all session.

A large bullish candle fully engulfs the prior small bearish candle's body.

A large bearish candle fully engulfs the prior small bullish candle's body.

Big bearish candle, small indecision candle, then a big bullish candle.

Big bullish candle, small indecision candle, then a big bearish candle.

Three consecutive strong bullish candles, each closing higher.

Three consecutive strong bearish candles, each closing lower.

A small candle whose body sits entirely inside the prior large candle's body.

Bearish candle, then a bullish candle that closes above the prior candle's midpoint.

Bullish candle, then a bearish candle that closes below the prior candle's midpoint.

Small body at the bottom with a long upper wick after an uptrend.

Small body at the top with a long lower wick after an uptrend.

Two candles with matching highs after an uptrend — resistance rejects twice.

Two candles with matching lows after a downtrend — support holds twice.

A tall up-candle, sideways congestion, then a tall down-candle — a top reversal.

A tall down-candle, sideways congestion, then a tall up-candle — a bottom reversal.

Flat resistance on top, rising support below — buyers press higher into a ceiling.

Flat support below, falling resistance above — sellers press lower into a floor.

Lower highs and higher lows converge — a coil that breaks either way.

Three peaks: a higher middle peak (head) between two lower peaks (shoulders).

Three troughs: a lower middle trough (head) between two higher troughs.

Two peaks at a similar level — buyers fail twice at resistance.

Two troughs at a similar level — sellers fail twice at support.

Three peaks at a similar level — repeated failure at resistance.

Three troughs at a similar level — repeated defense of support.

A rounded 'cup' base followed by a small downward 'handle', then breakout.

An upside-down rounded top with a small upward handle, then breakdown.

A sharp rally (pole) then a small downward-sloping consolidation (flag).

A sharp drop (pole) then a small upward-sloping consolidation (flag).

A sharp move then a tiny symmetrical triangle — a brief pause before continuation.

Price oscillates between horizontal support and resistance.

Both trendlines slope up but converge — rallies weaken into a top.

Both trendlines slope down but converge — selling weakens into a bottom.

Price rises between two parallel up-sloping trendlines.

Price falls between two parallel down-sloping trendlines.

A slow, U-shaped base as sentiment gradually shifts from selling to buying.